Pores appear larger when the surrounding skin loses firmness or when the follicle fills with oil and debris. Sebum production, controlled by androgens and influenced by climate, hormones, and skincare habits, is the most common contributor. The more sebum a follicle produces, the more stretched the opening becomes over time. Dead skin cells that fail to shed cleanly form a plug, widening the pore further and creating the look of a darkened or open dot.
Sun damage is another major factor. According to the National Library of Medicine, photoaging breaks down collagen and elastin in the surrounding dermis, removing the structural scaffold that keeps pores tight. The American Academy of Dermatology also notes that genetics and age both play strong roles, which is why pores often appear more prominent after 30 even with consistent skincare.
